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====== Readings from Smith and Clancy ======
In their chapter “Toys Were Us: Invention and Technological Acculturation in Hobbyist Worlds, 1900-1940,” Smith and Clancey argues that in the days of modern technical innovation and education, that boys and men were given a distinct advantage in the field not only in terms of college education, but also, in terms of play and casual exploration. 

This advantage is evident in a number of magazines and articles from the turn of the 20th-century, as young boys were encouraged to experiment and explore with new technical hobbies in a way that girls were not. The “amateur” fields of science and technology, such as electricity, were fostered in male-dominated spheres (360). This provided boys with early advantages that allowed them to succeed disproportionately in the fields of technology and innovation, a disparity that is still evident today (358). 

The technical training that was available to girls, such as that of the radio operator, lacked the “hobbyist” component that was common for boys (362). Girls training to be radio operators only received a few days training, and training was to be run in an efficient manner, similar to the way that women would perform “household duties” (363) Perfection and efficiency - not trial and error - was expected of girls and women.

Even almost a century later, with the invention and popularization of the computer, advertisements were still aimed at the parents of young boys - not girls. Nowadays, as we grapple with explaining the  “gender gap” in STEM fields, it is important to remember that this gap may not be the result of lack of interest in the field among girls, but rather, the result of over a century of early advantages given to boys. (==Glynnis Farleigh) 

“Marconi and His Transatlantic Signal, 1902”
I found this story to be simply fascinating due to the process in which Marconi was able to freely experiment and pursue a project as grand as this. His wealth, education, and connections made it so simple for him to do as he pleased and if mistakes were made or obstacles were reached, he had the time and resources to retry and overcome time and time again. It makes me wonder just how much more influential technology may have emerged and existed today were there more people in similar positions as Marconi. It is also interesting to note the predictions for commercial application “marconigraphy” would have (I also wonder why that term didn’t last?). Many include military and exploratory purposes, and while that is still a major use today, radio as the common world knows it mostly involves news, music, and entertainment. - Dillyn Scott

When we read about scientific management a couple of weeks ago, I thought that it was kind of stupid. The examples that were given were for making a cake and doing household chores. Although when thinking about scientific management in an assembly line I start to understand more of the positive effects. The Colonial Radio Company used scientific management to produces a quality radio that was affordable.  Scientific management is a way to streamline production. It subtracts unwanted time to the overall production time. Thus making the process more efficient and being able to make more product because of the time difference. -- Erin Madden


====== Ruth Cowan, Social History of American Technology ======




====== Nye, 133-137 ======

It's hard to know exactly which piece of technology is destined to succeed and which is set up for ultimate failure. The streetcar and the trolley both seemed like such essential pieces of technology that looking back it seemed almost impossible for their ultimate demise to have occurred. But occurred it did, and now both forms of transportation are relegated to activities for tourists in big cities. It's interesting to think that if things were allowed to run their course naturally, and not suffer from outside interference (such as those from greedy business men looking to turn a profit by quickly rendering current technology obsolete), then perhaps streets today would know only streetcars and trolleys, while the automobile would be seen as a passing fad from the early 20th century 
- Michael Dietrich 

I like how they reference that the "automobile had created a glass cap between those who drove and those who rode." p.133. I had never thought of it in that sense. You are able to use that and visualize those who rode versus those who drove. They go on to explain the impact that Sinclair Lewis's George F Babbit had on the street car and his ideas led to the demise of it all together. Why was it this one person? Another point made is how trolleys became responsible for traffic jams, making the car dominant. It says on the beginning of page 137 that "writing about the streetcars are often nostalgic and makes little reference" to various things. Why do writers this information like this out? Why do they not talk about  the "strikes, racial confrontation, or urban life." (p.137) These trolleys and streetcars were an major invention and led to the modernization of cars now. It should be praised more rather than focus on the demise and abandonment. 
---- Erika Mabry